Oncologic Emergency Medicine by Knox H. Todd & Charles R. Thomas Jr

Author:Knox H. Todd & Charles R. Thomas, Jr.
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

Causes

Total or near-total thyroidectomy may be performed for a variety of oncologic reasons in the management of thyroid cancer, head and neck cancer, and thyroid metastasis. Thyroid replacement is required in this group of patients.

Irradiation can cause primary, secondary, or tertiary hypothyroidism.

Primary hypothyroidism is caused by thyroid cell destruction, inhibition of cell division, vascular damage, and, possibly, an immune-mediated phenomenon. Factors that increase the risk of primary hypothyroidism include delivery of a high radiation dose to the vicinity of the thyroid gland, long duration since radiotherapy, lack of shielding of the thyroid during radiotherapy, and combined irradiation and surgical treatments [65].

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